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Ordnance RML 2.5 inch Mountain Gun Indian Army gunners assembling the gun, circa. 1895 Type Mountain gun Place of origin  United Kingdom Service history In service 1879 - 1916 Used by  British Empire  India Wars Second Boer War World War I Production history Designer Colonel le Mesurier, RA Designed 1877 Manufacturer Royal Gun Factory Specifications Weight 800 pounds (363 kg) total Shell 7 pounds 6 ounces (3.35 kg) (Shrapnel) 8 pounds 2 ounces (3.69 kg) (Ring)[1] Calibre 2.5 inches (63.5 mm) Action RML Muzzle velocity 1,436 feet per second (438 m/s) Maximum range 3,300 yards (3,018 m) (shrapnel) 4,000 yards (3,658 m) (ring)[1] The Ordnance RML 2.5 inch mountain gun was a British rifled muzzle-loading mountain gun of the late 1800s designed to be broken down into four loads for carrying by man or mule. It was primarily used by the Indian Army. Contents 1 History 1.1 Second Boer War 1.2 World War I 2 Surviving examples 3 In literature 4 See also 5 Notes 6 References 7 External links // History On display at Royal Artillery Museum London. It was intended as a more powerful successor to the RML 7 pounder Mountain Gun.[1] Some writers incorrectly refer to the 2.5 inch gun as a "7 pounder" because it also fired a shell of approximately 7 pounds, but its official nomenclature was 2.5 inch RML. In 1877 Colonel le Mesurier of the Royal Artillery proposed a gun in 2 parts which would be screwed together. The Elswick Ordnance Company made 12 Mk I guns based on his design and they were trialled in Afghanistan in 1879. Trials were successful and Mk II with some internal differences made by the Royal Gun Factory entered service.[2] The gun was a rifled muzzle-loader. Gun and carriage were designed to be broken down into their basic parts so they could be transported by pack animals (4 mules) or men. The barrel and breech were carried separately, and screwed together for action, hence the name "screw gun". Second Boer War Siege of Kimberley, 1899-1900 The gun was used in the Second Boer War (1899–1902) on its standard mountain gun carriage, and also with the Natal Field Battery at Elandslaagte and Diamond Fields Artillery at Kimberley on field carriages which had larger wheels and gave greater mobility.[1] A major defect in the war was that the gun's cartridges still used gunpowder as a propellant, despite the fact that smokeless cordite had been introduced in 1892. The gunpowder generated a white cloud on firing, and as the gun could only be aimed using direct line of sight, this made the gunners easy targets for Boer marksmen as the gun lacked a shield. It proved to be ineffectual and outclassed by Boer ordnance and was replaced by the BL 10 pounder Mountain Gun from 1901. World War I Either 4 or 6 guns (sources appear imprecise) were returned to service from Southern African garrisons in 1916 and were employed by the Nyasaland-Rhodesian Field Force in the campaign in German East Africa.[3] Writers who refer to "7 pounders" in WWI are in fact referring to this 2.5-inch (64 mm) gun. Surviving examples At Fort Klapperkop, Pretoria Restored gun is displayed at Firepower, the Royal Artillery Museum. Woolwich London Two 2.5-inch (64 mm) RMLs on Field carriages and one on a Mountain carriage, at Fort Klapperkop Military Museum, Pretoria, South Africa. In literature It was romanticised in Rudyard Kipling's poem "Screw-Guns". See also List of mountain artillery Notes ^ a b c d Hall, June 1971 ^ Ruffell ^ Farndale 1988, page 331-332 References General Sir Martin Farndale, "History of the Royal Regiment of Artillery. The Forgotten Fronts and the Home Base, 1914-18". London : The Royal Artillery Institution, 1988 ISBN 1 870114 05 1 Major Darrell D Hall, "Guns in South Africa 1899-1902" in The South African Military History Society Military History Journal - Vol 2 No 1, June 1971 W. L. Ruffell, The Screw Gun External links Wikimedia Commons has media related to: RML 2.5 inch Mountain Gun War Monthly, March 1976, SCREW GUNS v • d • e British Empire Small Arms & Ordnance of the Victorian era Side arms Infantry swords  · 1897 Infantry sword · Beaumont-Adams Revolver · Enfield revolver · Webley Revolver Muskets and Rifles Brown Bess musket  · Brunswick rifle · Pattern 1853 Enfield rifle-musket · Snider-Enfield rifle · Martini-Henry rifle · Lee-Metford rifle · Lee-Enfield rifle Artillery Field Artillery SBML 9 pounder 13 cwt · RBL 9 pounder · RBL 12 pounder · RBL 20 pounder · RML 9 pounder 8 cwt · RML 13 pounder 8 cwt · RML 16 pounder 12 cwt  · BL 12 pounder 7 cwt · BL 12 pounder 6 cwt · QF 12 pounder 8 cwt · BL 15 pounder Mountain artillery RML 7 pounder Mountain Gun · RML 2.5 inch Mountain Gun Howitzers, medium, and heavy artillery RML 6.3 inch Howitzer · RML 6.6 inch howitzer · BL 5 inch Howitzer · BL 5.4 inch Howitzer Siege & garrison artillery SBML 24 pounder · SBML 8 inch 65 cwt · RBL 40 pounder · RML 25 pounder 18 cwt · RML 40 pounder gun · RML 64 pounder 64 cwt gun · RML 8 inch howitzer · RML 64 pounder 58 cwt · RML 80 pounder · BL 5 inch gun Mk I - V · BL 6 inch 30 cwt howitzer Mortars 13 inch 36 cwt mortar · 10 inch 18 cwt mortar · 8 inch 9 cwt mortar Machine guns Nordenfelt gun · 0.45" Gatling gun · Gardner gun · Maxim gun v • d • e British Empire Small Arms & Ordnance of the First World War Rifles, side arms, Hand grenades Short Magazine Lee-Enfield rifle · Pattern 1914 Enfield rifle · Ross Rifle (Canada) · Webley Revolver Mk. I–VI Grenade, No 1 · No 2 grenade "Hales Pattern" · Rifle grenades, 3, 20, 24, 35 Hales · No.s 5, 23, 36 Mills · No. 6 grenade · No.s 8, 9 Double Cylinder Jam Tin · No. 13 Battye · No. 15 Ball grenade · No. 27 Smoke Grenade · No. 34 Egg grenade · Artillery Tank guns QF 6 pounder Hotchkiss · QF 6 pounder 6 cwt Field Artillery BL 12 pounder 6 cwt · QF 12 pounder 8 cwt · QF 12 pounder 18 cwt  · QF 13 pounder · BL 15 pounder · BLC 15 pounder · QF 15 pounder · QF 18 pounder · QF 4 inch gun Mk III · BL 4 inch gun Mk VII  · QF 4.5 inch Howitzer Mountain artillery RML 2.5 inch Mountain Gun · BL 10 pounder Mountain Gun · BL 2.75 inch Mountain Gun · QF 2.95 inch Mountain Gun · QF 3.7 inch Mountain Howitzer Howitzers, medium, and heavy artillery QF 4.7 inch Gun · BL 5 inch Howitzer · BL 5.4 inch Howitzer · BL 60 pounder gun · BLC 6 inch siege gun · BL 6 inch Gun Mk VII · BL 6 inch Gun Mk XIX · BL 6 inch 30 cwt howitzer · BL 6 inch 26 cwt howitzer · BL 8 inch Howitzer Mk I - V · BL 8 inch Howitzer Mk VI - VIII Siege artillery BL 7.5 inch Mk III naval gun · BL 9.2 inch Howitzer · BL 9.2 inch Mk X naval gun · BL 12 inch Howitzer · BL 12 inch Mk X naval gun · BL 15 inch Howitzer Mortars Garland Mortar · 3 inch Stokes Mortar · 4 inch Stokes Mortar · 2 inch Medium Mortar · Newton 6 inch Mortar · 9.45 inch Heavy Mortar Smoke and chemical weapons 4 inch Stokes Mortar · Livens Projector Railway guns BL 9.2 inch Railway Gun · BL 12 inch Railway Gun · BL 12 inch railway howitzer · BL 14 inch Railway Gun Anti-aircraft guns QF 1 pounder pom-pom · QF 2 pounder pom-pom · QF 12 pounder 12 cwt · QF 3 inch 5 cwt  · QF 13 pounder 6 cwt · QF 13 pounder Mk IV · QF 13 pounder 9 cwt · QF 3 inch 20 cwt · QF 18 pounder · QF 4 inch Mk V Machine guns Vickers machine gun · Lewis Gun · Maxim gun · Hotchkiss Mark I Foreign weapon designs in British Army use Hotchkiss Mark I · Lewis Gun · 75 mm AA gun · QF 15 pounder · 9.45 inch Heavy Mortar