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Psittirostrini Scientific classification Kingdom: Animalia Phylum: Chordata Class: Aves Order: Passeriformes Suborder: Passeri Parvorder: Passerida Family: Fringillidae Subfamily: Drepanidinae Tribe: Psittirostrini Genera see text Psittirostrini is one of three tribes belonging to the Hawaiian honeycreeper subfamily, Drepanidinae. It is made up of the thick-billed birds, colloquially known as the Hawaiian finches, that once inhabited all of the Hawaiian Islands. These birds are granivorous and have songs like those of cardueline finches. Extant species include the Laysan Finch, the Nihoa Finch, the Maui Parrotbill, and the Palila, which may possibly be the last remaining species left alive in this group. Extinct species include the four Koa Finches, the ʻŌʻū, and the Lānaʻi Hookbill. Genera and species Genus Chloridops Wilson, 1888 - thick-billed, Myoporum sandwicense and other hard seed specialist Chloridops kona Wilson, 1888 - Kona Grosbeak (extinct, 1894) Chloridops regiskongi - Giant ("King Kong") Grosbeak (prehistoric) Chloridops wahi - Wahi Grosbeak (prehistoric) Genus Dysmorodrepanis Perkins, 1919 - pincer-like bill, possibly snail specialist Dysmorodrepanis munroi Perkins, 1919 - Lānaʻi Hookbill (extinct, 1918) Genus Loxioides Oustalet, 1877 - finch-like, Fabales seed specialists Loxioides bailleui Oustalet, 1877 - Palila Loxioides kikuichi Olson & James, 2006 - Kauaʻi Palila (prehistoric, possibly survived to the early 18th century) Genus Orthiospiza - large weak bill, possibly soft seed or fruit specialist? Orthiospiza howarthi James & Olson, 1991- Highland Finch (prehistoric) Genus Pseudonestor - parrot-like bill, probes decomposing wood for insect larvae Pseudonestor xanthophrys Rothschild, 1893 - Maui Parrotbill (thought to be extinct, rediscovered in 1945) Genus Psittirostra - slightly hooked bill, Freycinetia arborea fruit specialist Psittirostra psittacea Gmelin, 1789 - ʻŌʻū (probably extinct, 1998?) Genus Rhodacanthis - large-billed legume specialists[1] Rhodacanthis flaviceps Rothschild, 1892 - Lesser Koa-finch (extinct, 1891) Rhodacanthis forfex James & Olson, 2005 - Scissor-billed Koa-finch (prehistoric) Rhodacanthis litotes James & Olson, 2005 - Primitive Koa-finch (prehistoric) Rhodacanthis palmeri Rothschild, 1892 - Greater Koa-finch (extinct, 1896) Genus Telespiza Wilson, 1890 - finch-like, granivores, opportunistic scavengers[2] Telespiza cantans Wilson, 1890 - Laysan Finch Telespiza persecutrix James & Olson, 1991 - Kauaʻi Finch (prehistoric) Telespiza ultima Bryan, 1917 - Nihoa Finch Telespiza ypsilon James & Olson, 1991 - Maui Nui Finch (prehistoric) Genus Xestospiza James & Oslon, 1991 - cone-shaped bills, possibly insectivores Xestospiza conica James & Olson, 1991 - Cone-billed Finch (prehistoric) Xestospiza fastigialis James & Olson, 1991 - Ridge-billed Finch (prehistoric) References ^ James, Helen F.; Johnathan P. Prince (May 2008). "Integration of palaeontological, historical, and geographical data on the extinction of koa-finches". Diversity & Distributions 14 (3): 441–451. doi:10.1111/j.1472-4642.2007.00442.x. http://www.ingentaconnect.com/content/bsc/ddi/2008/00000014/00000003/art00001?crawler=true.  ^ Culliney, John L (2006). Islands In A Far Sea: The Fate Of Nature In Hawai'i. University of Hawaii Press. pp. 232–234. ISBN 9780824829476. http://books.google.com/?id=RygrB67nvp0C&printsec=frontcover#PPA232,M1.