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This article needs additional citations for verification. Please help improve this article by adding reliable references. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed. (August 2009) This article or section is in need of attention from an expert on the subject. The following WikiProjects or Portals may be able to help recruit one: • WikiProject Biography· Biography Portal • WikiProject Musicians • WikiProject Greece· Greece Portal If another appropriate WikiProject or portal exists, please adjust this template accordingly. (February 2009) Markos Vamvakaris (10 May 1905 in Ano Chora in Syros – 8 February 1972) (Greek: Μάρκος Βαμβακάρης), was a rebetiko musician. He is universally referred to by rebetiko writers and fans simply by his first name, Markos. The great significance of Vamvakaris for the rebetiko is also reflected by his nickname; the "patriarch of rebetiko". Contents 1 Biography 2 Discography 3 In popular culture 4 References 5 External links // Biography Markos Vamvakaris;painting in a tavern in Syros island Vamvakaris was born on May 10, 1905 in Ano Chora, Syros, Greece. His family belonged to the sizeable Roman Catholic community of the island, the Frankosyrians, a name deriving from the common Greek reference to West Europeans collectively as "Franks". At the age of twelve, believing he was wanted by the police, Vamvakaris left Syros and went to Piraeus. He worked as a stevedore, employee at a pit-coal mine, polisher, paperman, butcher and other jobs. He heard a bouzouki player playing, and swore that if he did not learn to play the instrument in six months he would cut off his hand with a cleaver (he was working in the Athens slaughterhouse at the time). He learned bouzouki, becoming an innovative virtuoso player, and began to compose music, and write songs. At first he often played in hashish smoking establishments known as Tekes, later he and his band, which included Giorgos Batis, Anestis Delias and Stratos Pagioumtzis played in more legitimate clubs. They were extremely popular, and Markos made many recordings. Vamvakaris recorded his first rebetiko disc, Na 'Rchosouna Re Magka Mou (Να 'ρχόσουνα ρε μάγκα μου) in 1932. Among other songs in that period, he wrote the classic love song "Frangkosyriani" . After the liberation of Greece from the occupation of Nazi Germany, difficult times arrived, since his kind of music was no longer fashionable. He also suffered badly with arthritis in his hands. The slump in his fortunes lasted until the early 1960s, when after initiatives by Vassilis Tsitsanis, many of his old songs were revived, sung by modern singers including Grigoris Bithikotsis, and Stratos Dionysiou. Vamvakaris died on February 8, 1972 at the age of 66. Discography Markos may be heard on many of the anthology CDs listed in the rebetiko discography. CDs of his own which may be available in English language countries include: Markos Vamvakaris Bouzouki Pioneer: 1932-1940 Rounder Select, 1998. In popular culture Stavros Xarchakos and Nikos Gatsos wrote a song called Gramma sto Marko Vamvakari (Letter to Markos Vamvakaris, Greek: Γράμμα στο Μάρκο Βαμβακάρη), sung by George Dalaras and actress Despo Diamantidou. Also, Thodoros Derveniotis and Kostas Virvos wrote Markos, sung by Kaiti Abavi. Markos Vamvakaris is also mentioned in the following songs: Deka palikaria (Ten lads, Greek: Δέκα παλικάρια) by Manos Loïzos and Lefteris Papadopoulos, sung by George Dalaras Ihes thalasses sta matia (You had seas in your eyes, Greek: Είχες θάλασσες στα μάτια) by Elias Andriopoulos and Michalis Bourboulis, sung by Antonis Kalogiannis I mikri istoria tis Marinas (The short story of Marina, Greek: Η μικρή ιστορία της Μαρίνας) by Dionysis Tsaknis Rock fegari (Rock moon, Greek: Ροκ φεγγάρι) by Andreas Mexas and Vasilis Mastrokostas, sung by Paschalis Terzis San ton Samouil sto Kougi (Like Samuel in Koughi, Greek: Σαν τον Σαμουήλ στο Κούγκι) by Tzimis Panousis Sto retire (In the penthouse, Greek: Στο ρετιρέ) by Angelos Axiotis, sung by Antonis Kalogiannis Ta mesimeria tis Kyriakis (Sunday afternoons, Greek: Τα μεσημέρια της Κυριακής) by Giorgos Hatzinasios and Yiannis Logothetis, sung by Manolis Mitsias Graphic novel Rébétiko by David Prudhomme (Futuropolis, 2009) References External links The Markos Vamvakaris Archive Rebetiko   Singers and Composers R. Abatzi | G. Asikis | Y. Batis | S. Bellou | M. Chiotis | L. Daralas | R.  Eskenazi | M. Genitsaris | M. Hatzidakis | A. Katinaris | M. Katinari | A. Nikolaidis | M. Ninou | M. Papagika | G. Papaioannou | S. Perpiniadis | K. Roukounas  | I. Tsaous | V. Tsitsanis | K. Skarvelis | M. Vamvakaris Persondata NAME Vamvakaris, Markos ALTERNATIVE NAMES Μάρκος Βαμβακάρης (Greek) SHORT DESCRIPTION Greek rebetiko musician DATE OF BIRTH May 10, 1905 PLACE OF BIRTH Ano Chora, Syros DATE OF DEATH February 8, 1972 PLACE OF DEATH