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This is a list of the mammal species recorded in Latvia. There are 56 mammal species in Latvia, of which 0 are critically endangered, 1 is endangered, 4 are vulnerable, and 3 are near-threatened.[1] The following tags are used to highlight each species' conservation status as assessed by the IUCN: EX Extinct No reasonable doubt that the last individual has died. EW Extinct in the wild Known only to survive in captivity or as a naturalized populations well outside its previous range. CR Critically Endangered The species is in imminent risk of extinction in the wild. EN Endangered The species is facing an extremely high risk of extinction in the wild. VU Vulnerable The species is facing a high risk of extinction in the wild. NT Near Threatened The species does not meet any of the criteria that would categorise it as risking extinction but it is likely to do so in the future. LC Least Concern There are no current identifiable risks to the species. DD Data Deficient There is inadequate information to make an assessment of the risks to this species. Some species were assessed using an earlier set of criteria. Species assessed using this system have the following instead of Near Threatened and Least Concern categories: LR/cd Lower Risk/conservation dependent Species which were the focus of conservation programmes and may have moved into a higher risk category if that programme was discontinued. LR/nt Lower Risk/near threatened Species which are close to being classified as Vulnerable but are not the subject of conservation programmes. LR/lc Lower Risk/least concern Species for which there are no identifiable risks. Contents 1 Subclass: Theria 1.1 Infraclass: Eutheria 1.1.1 Order: Rodentia (rodents) 1.1.2 Order: Lagomorpha (lagomorphs) 1.1.3 Order: Erinaceomorpha (hedgehogs and gymnures) 1.1.4 Order: Soricomorpha (shrews, moles, and soledons) 1.1.5 Order: Chiroptera (bats) 1.1.6 Order: Cetacea (whales) 1.1.7 Order: Carnivora (carnivores) 1.1.8 Order: Artiodactyla (even-toed ungulates) 2 Notes 3 References 4 See also // Subclass: Theria Infraclass: Eutheria Order: Rodentia (rodents) Garden dormouse Edible dormouse Water Vole Striped Field Mouse Rodents make up the largest order of mammals, with over 40 percent of mammalian species. They have two incisors in the upper and lower jaw which grow continually and must be keep short by gnawing. Most rodents are small though the capybara can weigh up to 45 kg (100 lb). Suborder: Sciurognathi Family: Castoridae (beavers) Genus: Castor European Beaver Castor fiber NT Family: Sciuridae (squirrels) Subfamily: Sciurinae Tribe: Pteromyini Genus: Pteromys Siberian Flying Squirrel Pteromys volans LR/nt Family: Gliridae (dormice) Subfamily: Leithiinae Genus: Dryomys Forest dormouse Dryomys nitedula LR/nt Genus: Eliomys Garden dormouse Eliomys quercinus VU Genus: Muscardinus Hazel Dormouse Muscardinus avellanarius LR/nt Subfamily: Glirinae Genus: Glis Edible dormouse Glis glis LR/nt Family: Dipodidae (jerboas) Subfamily: Sicistinae Genus: Sicista Northern Birch Mouse Sicista betulina LR/nt Family: Cricetidae Subfamily: Arvicolinae Genus: Arvicola Water Vole Arvicola terrestris LR/lc Genus: Clethrionomys Bank Vole Clethrionomys glareolus LR/lc Genus: Microtus Field Vole Microtus agrestis LR/lc Common Vole Microtus arvalis LR/lc Family: Muridae (mice, rats, voles, gerbils, hamsters, etc.) Subfamily: Murinae Genus: Apodemus Striped Field Mouse Apodemus agrarius LR/lc Yellow-necked Mouse Apodemus flavicollis LR/lc Wood mouse Apodemus sylvaticus LC Ural Field Mouse Apodemus uralensis LR/lc Genus: Micromys Harvest Mouse Micromys minutus LR/nt Order: Lagomorpha (lagomorphs) European Hare The lagomorphs comprise two families, Leporidae (hares and rabbits), and Ochotonidae (pikas). Though they can resemble rodents, and were classified as a superfamily in that order until the early twentieth century, they have since been considered a separate order. They differ from rodents in a number of physical characteristics, such as having four incisors in the upper jaw rather than two. Family: Leporidae (rabbits, hares) Genus: Lepus European Hare Lepus europaeus LR/lc Mountain Hare Lepus timidus LR/lc Order: Erinaceomorpha (hedgehogs and gymnures) West European Hedgehog The order Erinaceomorpha contains a single family, Erinaceidae, which comprise the hedgehogs and gymnures. The hedgehogs are easily recognised by their spines while gymnures look more like large rats. Family: Erinaceidae (hedgehogs) Subfamily: Erinaceinae Genus: Erinaceus Southern White-breasted Hedgehog Erinaceus concolor LR/lc West European Hedgehog Erinaceus europaeus LR/lc Order: Soricomorpha (shrews, moles, and soledons) Eurasian Pygmy Shrew The "shrew-forms" are insectivorous mmmals. The shrews and soledons closely resemble mice while the moles are stout bodied burrowers. Family: Soricidae (shrews) Subfamily: Soricinae Tribe: Nectogalini Genus: Neomys Eurasian Water Shrew Neomys fodiens LR/lc Tribe: Soricini Genus: Sorex Common Shrew Sorex araneus LR/lc Laxmann's Shrew Sorex caecutiens LR/lc Eurasian Pygmy Shrew Sorex minutus LR/lc Family: Talpidae (moles) Subfamily: Talpinae Tribe: Talpini Genus: Talpa European Mole Talpa europaea LR/lc Order: Chiroptera (bats) Daubenton's bat Common Noctule The bats' most distinguishing feature is that their forelimbs are developed as wings, making them the only mammals in the world naturally capable of flight. Bat species account for about 20% of all mammals. Family: Vespertilionidae Subfamily: Myotinae Genus: Myotis Brandt's Bat Myotis brandti LR/lc Pond Bat Myotis dasycneme VU Daubenton's bat Myotis daubentonii LR/lc Whiskered bat Myotis mystacinus LR/lc Natterer's bat Myotis nattereri LR/lc Subfamily: Vespertilioninae Genus: Barbastella Barbastelle Barbastella barbastellus VU Genus: Eptesicus Northern Bat Eptesicus nilssoni LR/lc Genus: Nyctalus Lesser Noctule Nyctalus leisleri LR/nt Common Noctule Nyctalus noctula LR/lc Genus: Pipistrellus Nathusius' Pipistrelle Pipistrellus nathusii LR/lc Common Pipistrelle Pipistrellus pipistrellus LC Genus: Plecotus Brown long-eared bat Plecotus auritus LR/lc Genus: Vespertilio Parti-coloured bat Vespertilio murinus LR/lc Order: Cetacea (whales) Harbour Porpoise The order Cetacea includes whales, dolphins and porpoises. They are the mammals most fully adapted to aquatic life with a spindle-shaped nearly hairless body, protected by a thick layer of blubber, and forelimbs and tail modified to provide propulsion underwater. Suborder: Odontoceti Superfamily: Platanistoidea Family: Phocoenidae Genus: Phocoena Harbour Porpoise Phocoena phocoena VU Order: Carnivora (carnivores) Red Fox Least Weasel Grey Seal The carnivores include over 260 species, the majority of which eat meat as their primary dietary item. Carnivores have a characteristic skull shape and dentition. Suborder: Feliformia Family: Felidae (cats) Subfamily: Felinae Genus: Felis Wildcat Felis silvestris LC (former) Genus: Lynx Eurasian Lynx Lynx lynx NT Suborder: Caniformia Family: Canidae (dogs, foxes) Genus: Vulpes Red Fox Vulpes vulpes LC Genus: Canis Gray Wolf Canis lupus LC Family: Ursidae (bears) Genus: Ursus Brown Bear Ursus arctos LR/lc (former) Family: Mustelidae (mustelids) Genus: Mustela Stoat Mustela erminea LR/lc European Mink Mustela lutreola EN Least Weasel Mustela nivalis LR/lc European Polecat Mustela putorius LR/lc Genus: Meles Eurasian Badger Meles meles LR/lc Genus: Lutra European Otter Lutra lutra NT Family: Phocidae (earless seals) Genus: Halichoerus Grey Seal Halichoerus grypus LR/lc Genus: Pusa Ringed Seal Pusa hispida LR/lc (former) Order: Artiodactyla (even-toed ungulates) Roe Deer The even-toed ungulates are ungulates whose weight is borne about equally by the third and fourth toes, rather than mostly or entirely by the third as in perissodactyls. There are about 220 artiodactyl species, including many that are of great economic importance to humans. Family: Suidae (pigs) Subfamily: Suinae Genus: Sus Boar Sus scrofa LR/lc Family: Cervidae (deer) Subfamily: Cervinae Genus: Cervus Red Deer Cervus elaphus LR/lc Subfamily: Capreolinae Genus: Alces Moose Alces alces LR/lc Genus: Capreolus Roe Deer Capreolus capreolus LR/lc Notes ^ This list is derived from the IUCN Red List which lists species of mammals and includes those mammals that have recently been classified as extinct (since 1500 AD). The taxonomy and naming of the individual species is based on those used in existing Wikipedia articles as of 21 May 2007 and supplemented by the common names and taxonomy from the IUCN, Smithsonian Institute, or University of Michigan where no Wikipedia article was available. References "The IUCN Red List of Threatened Species: Mammals of Latvia". IUCN. 2001. http://www.iucnredlist.org/search/search.php?kingname=ANIMALIA&phyname=CHORDATA&claname=MAMMALIA&freetext=&modifier=phrase&criteria=wholedb&taxa_species=1&redlistCategory%5B0%5D=all&redlistAssessyear%5B0%5D=all&country%5B0%5D=LV&aquatic%5B0%5D=all&regions%5B0%5D=all&habitats%5B0%5D=all&threats%5B0%5D=all&Submit_x=34&Submit_y=9&extendedResults=0&terrestrial=0&marine=0&freshwater=0&offset=0&sortorder%5B0%5D=spcscientificname&sortorder%5B1%5D=genname&sortorder%5B2%5D=spcname&sortorder%5B3%5D=spcauthor&sortorder%5B4%5D=spcinfrarank&sortorder%5B5%5D=spcinfraepithet&sortorder%5B6%5D=spcinfrarankauthor&sortorder%5B7%5D=spcstockname&sortorder%5B8%5D=comname_comp&sortorder%5B9%5D=rlcabb&sortorder%5B10%5D=rlscriteria&sortorder%5B11%5D=poptrend_code&sortorder%5B12%5D=rlcatcrit2001&sortorder%5B13%5D=spcrecid&sortorder%5B14%5D=kingname&debug=0&taxa_subspc=0&taxa_stock=0&newsort=Genus. Retrieved 22 May 2007.  "Mammal Species of the World". Smithsonian National Museum of Natural History. 2005. http://nmnhgoph.si.edu/msw/. Retrieved 22 May 2007.  "Animal Diversity Web". University of Michigan Museum of Zoology. 1995-2006. http://animaldiversity.ummz.umich.edu/site/index.html. Retrieved 22 May 2007.  See also List of chordate orders List of regional mammals lists List of prehistoric mammals Mammal classification New mammal species v • d • e List of mammals of Europe Sovereign states Albania · Andorra · Armenia1 · Austria · Azerbaijan1 · Belarus · Belgium · Bosnia and Herzegovina · Bulgaria · Croatia · Cyprus1 · Czech Republic · Denmark · Estonia · Finland · France · Georgia1 · Germany · Greece · Hungary · Iceland · Ireland · Italy · Kazakhstan2 · Latvia · Liechtenstein · Lithuania · Luxembourg · Macedonia · Malta · Moldova · Monaco · Montenegro · Netherlands · Norway · Poland · Portugal · Romania · Russia2 · San Marino · Serbia · Slovakia · Slovenia · Spain · Sweden · Switzerland · Turkey2 · Ukraine · United Kingdom (England • Northern Ireland • Scotland • Wales) States with limited recognition Abkhazia1 · Kosovo · Nagorno-Karabakh1 · Northern Cyprus1 · South Ossetia1 · Transnistria Dependencies, other territories Akrotiri and Dhekelia1 · Åland · Azores · Faroe Islands · Gibraltar · Guernsey · Jan Mayen · Jersey · Madeira · Isle of Man · Svalbard 1 Partially or entirely in Asia, depending on the border definitions. 2 Transcontinental country.