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The Savory brittleness scale is a measure of the annual distribution of humidity in a particular environment. It was developed by Allan Savory, a Zimbabwean biologist. A tropical rainforest would measure 1 on the scale, and an arid desert such as the Sahara would rate a 10. The scale reflects annual humidity distribution, not the amount of rainfall. Thus, some high rainfall environments, e.g., Zambia, with 2,000 mm annual rainfall, can be high on the brittleness scale[why?], while environments with lower rainfall, such as parts of England with 600 mm annually, can be low on the brittleness scale[why?]. For this reason, it differs from an aridity index. Brittle landscapes have erratic distribution of moisture throughout the year. The main significance of this scale is that the "tool" of resting land in either form - total rest or partial rest - leads to grasslands weakening and being replaced by either woody vegetation or bare soil covered with algae and lichens depending on the amount of rainfall. Partial rest, a new concept named by Savory, describes situations in which there are large herbivores on the land who are scattered and exhibit calm unbunching behaviour. Research plots across the brittleness scale indicate that the effects of partial and total rest are almost identical in grasslands and savannas. Partial rest in high end brittle environments, particularly where combined with overgrazing of plants, is the single greatest influence leading to desertification[citation needed]. References Edge, Aspen (Autumn), "Lessons from a Brittle Landscape", Permaculture Magazine (53): 47–50  Keppel, Wilma, Landscape brittleness: how "good" management can harm land, http://managingwholes.com/brittle.htm, retrieved August 5, 2007  Savory, Allan Holistic Management: A New Decision Making Framework Second edition 1998 Island Press.